One of the biggest concerns surrounding social media use among teenagers is its impact on their self-esteem. Research studies have found that the more time teenagers spend on social media, the lower their self-esteem tends to be, as social media often presents a distorted view of reality, with users presenting an idealized version of themselves online. This can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-worth among teenagers.(https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S174014451400148X)

Another significant concern is the prevalence of cyberbullying, intending to harass, humiliate, or intimidate someone, on social media platforms. A significant number of teenagers nowadays have experienced cyberbullying, which can have serious consequences for their mental health and wellbeing. Cyberbullying can lead to depression, anxiety, and even suicide among teenagers.

Research studies have also investigated the potential for social media addiction among teenagers. Social media addiction is characterized by a compulsive need to use social media, even when it interferes with other aspects of life, producing a negative impact on teenagers’ mental health, leading to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness (https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/250f/db28cb6515147eff52ad18bc07902c9d88ad.pdf)

This addiction is characterized by a strong, almost uncontrollable urge to use social media, regardless of the time or place, and even when it interferes with other aspects of life. Teenagers who are addicted to social media often prioritize their online presence over real-life experiences, relationships and – not surprising at all – academic performance. Spending excessive amounts of time on social media can lead to a lack of focus and motivation, resulting in lower grades and decreased productivity. In terms of social skills, social media addiction can lead to a lack of face-to-face communication skills and difficulty forming and maintaining real-life relationships.

Just like with adults, social media use can interfere with teenagers’ sleep patterns, and it has to do with more than just staying up late at night scrolling up the news field. The blue light emitted by electronic devices can disrupt the production of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep. This can lead to insomnia and sleep deprivation, which can have negative effects on their overall health and wellbeing.

Now, is that all really so bad? In fact, apart from the risks outlined above, there also a handful of positive effects Social media can have on teenagers lives, the most obvious one being: connecting teenagers with others who share similar interests and experiences. Social media allows teenagers to find find like-minded individuals, peers who are passionate about a particular hobby or interest, and/or form supportive online communities. This may be particularly beneficial for those who struggle with social anxiety or feel isolated in their offline lives.

Social media can also provide a sense of validation and self-expression, and many teenagers use social media platforms to showcase their talents, creativity, and individuality. The positive feedback and support they receive from their online communities can boost their self-esteem and confidence.

Last but not least, social media can provide access to important resources and information that can not be easily accessed offline: from facts and advice on sex education( if their schools lack full comprehensive programs) to mental health resources and support groups, to information that might be helpful to get involved in sports, arts and music.